1-40-106). 19, 2; N.R.S. What is the primary purpose of referendum in the political process quizlet? 22-24-402). Which election is a measure on: For statutes, if not passed by the legislature within 40 days, then it is placed on the next general election's ballot. 34-1803b). foreign dignitaries, the form of publicity they receive is called 106.19, 100.371, 120.54), Who creates petitions: Approved by secretary of state (F.S.A. 2, Sec. Art. 24, 1). M.C.L.A. Const. Statements of contributions and expenditures must be filed on Jan. 10, seven days before political party conventions, seven days before the primary, three days before public hearings, on Sept. 30 and seven days before the general election. Subject restrictions: Prohibited subject areas include general appropriation laws; laws providing for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety; for the payment of the public debt or interest thereon, or the creation or funding of the same, except as in this constitution otherwise provided; for the maintenance of the public schools or state institutions, and local or special laws (Const. Ten% of total votes cast in previous general election with geographic requirement, Ten% of votes cast for all candidates for governor in previous election for statutes; 15% for amendments, Eight% of the total number of legal voters for statutes; 10% for amendments, Five% of votes cast for governor in last election for statutes or ; 8% for amendments, Five% of votes cast for secretary of state in last election, Eight% of total votes cast statewide in last presidential election, Six% of qualified electors at the time of the last general election, Eight% of votes cast for governor in last gubernatorial election, Ten% of total votes cast for governor in last gubernatorial election, M.G.L.A. For direct measures, four months from the election (RCWA 29A.72.030). Amendments that propose a tax or fee not in place in November 1994 require a two-thirds vote to pass. Const. What is on each petition: Petitions substantially follow the form found in U.C.A. Reports of contributions and expenditures of $500 or more must be made within 2 days between the 25th day of the month before an election and the day of the election (MCA 13-37-226). 22-24-402. What is on each petition: Must include title and complete text must be attached (MCA 13-27-201). A referred measure may be voted upon at a statewide election or at a special election called by the governor. Prepared by sponsor, approved by secretary of state. Fiscal review: State auditor prepares, and proponents may submit proposed review (V.A.M.S. Art. 295.009; 294A.150; 294A.220, North Dakota: NDCC, 16.1-08.1-02.4; 16.1-08.1-03.1; 16.1-08.1-03.2, Ohio: O.R.C. Art. 32-1401; 32-1405; 32-628; 32-1403, Nevada: N.R.S. 3519.03; 3519.01; 3519.062; 3505.063). c. using spot advertisements Other subject restrictions: Limited to matters that can be enacted by legislation, and no measures that interfere with the legislatures ability to direct taxation of necessary revenues (Nebraska Const. III, 1). What is on each petition: Must contain attorney generals unique numeric identifier, title, summary and the proposed measures full text, and follow the form found in the code (Cal.Elec.Code 9008, 9009, 9012). Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Not automatically, though the law can be suspended with a higher signature threshold and an earlier submission deadline25% of the total vote cast in the last election, including 25% of the votes cast in each of 3/4 of the counties, submitted no later than 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session (Const. 19-124). See ACA 7-9-126. They exist in a variety of forms. Types allowed: Direction and indirect initiatives for statutes, and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (RCWA Const. Types Allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, and popular referendum. 23-17-43. Board of Election commissioners and then certified to the secretary of state. III, 3 and MGL ch. 19-111), Where to file with: Secretary of states office (A.R.S. 1-40-109). d. The gerrymandered system, 14. In the indirect process, the proposal is submitted to the legislature. 53 7). Petition sheets will always include space for signatures. In Missouri, signature requirements are based entirely on congressional districts. 1953 20A-7-211). 21 allow for initiated state statutes. Which election is a measure on: Next general election or a special election if ordered by the legislature (RCWA Const. One year, but proponents must submit to the county officials no sooner than nine months and no later than four weeks prior to the final deadline. Stat. Types allowed: Direct initiative for statutes and amendments and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Constitutional amendments only, not statutes (A.R.S. Proponent organization and requirements: A person, committee or political party that pays signature gatherers is required to file the same financial disclosures required under Title 13, Chapter 37 (MCA 13-27-112). Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Does not go into effect unless approved by voters (Const. II, 1g; Art. Information on states that restrict payment to circulators are below. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: In some cases, yes. d. are the best means for an audience to get the most information about the policy II, 1(c)). Campaign ads try to reach independent and undecided voters. 19, 1 and NRS 295.045). 2, 19; Amalgamated Transit Union Local 597 v. State of Washington, 11 P.3d 762, 2000), Other subject restrictions: None (RCWA Const. Which election is a measure on: General election (SDCL 2-1-17). The required signatures must be distributed equally among all of the petition districts (NRS 295.012 and NRS 293.127563). c. phone banks 41. 1953 20A-7-213). Art. What is on each petition: Petition must include a short title of 20 words or less, a summary and the text of the measure. Application process information: Original draft of petition must be submitted to secretary of state before circulating, including a suggested popular name; secretary of state approves and certifies both or disproves and specifies each deficiency (NMSA 1-17-8). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (SDCL 12-26-15). A deposit of $100 is required; deposit is refunded if the petition is properly filed and retained if it is not properly filed (AS 15.45.260 and .270). 187; Okl.St.Ann. 34-1807), Paid per signature: Ban overturned (Idaho Coalition United for Bears v. Cenarrusa, 2001), Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (I.C. Art. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (MCA 13-27-302). Verification: The secretary of state employs a representative random sampling by the use of questionnaires, postcards, telephone calls, personal interviews, etc., or any combinations thereof, to determine the validity of the signatures (NDCC 16.1-01-10). Referendum is a decision for the general assembly to put a bill on the ballot. Some cookies are placed by third party services that appear on our pages. Timeline for collecting signatures: Have 180 days (M.C.L.A. Code 84200.8). 14, 3), Ballot title and summary: Proponents but certified by state board of elections and reviewed by attorney general (see 10 ILCS 5/28-5; 10 ILCS 5/16-6; 5 ILCS 20/2), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Filed at least six months before the election with the secretary of state (ILCS Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to quarterly reporting and following rules set by board of elections (10 ILCS 5/9-15). It redistricted without waiting for a new census. Code Ann. Rejected. Section 51 (xxvi) of the Commonwealth Constitution stated that the Commonwealth could make laws for the "people of any race, other than the Aboriginal race in any state, for whom it is deemed necessary to make special laws.". Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Subject restrictions: Laws passed by a two-thirds vote of the members of each house are not subject to referendum (Const. Law 6-203(b)). Who creates petitions: Sponsors (Elec. XI, 5). A statement of organization is required. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: There must be at least 60 days between submission of the petition and the election (Const. 4, Pt. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes, and notarized (A.R.S. A meeting of party members in which nominees are selected informally. 19-119). Proponent organization and requirements: Application includes sponsors name, or if an organization, the names and titles of its officers, and an address (ARS 19-111). Art. 5, 1). Proponent organization and requirements: Must sign affidavit and must refile after recommendations (RCWA 29A.72.010; 43.07.120; 29A.72.020; 29A.72.040). 130.021). b. spot ad 7-9-104). Art. 23-17-17). 168.476). Fiscal review: Office of Fiscal and Program Review prepares (1 M.R.S.A. St. 32-1409). Legislature or other government official review: The Financial Impact Estimating Conference members of one person from the governors office, the coordinator of the Office of Economic and Demographic Research, one professional senate staffer and one professional house staffer (F.S.A. 295.009). Provisional ballots are reviewed and counted even if they will not change the outcome of an election. 32-1405). 8). Legislature or other government official review: After certification for the ballot, the joint committee on legislative research holds a public hearing in Jefferson City to take public comments regarding the measure (V.A.M.S. V, 2). Collected in-person: Yes (Mo.Rev.Stat. First, the county clerks do a simple tally and the secretary of state totals these. 168.32). Withdrawal of petition: Any time before the final submission of signatures, the delegated proponents may write to the secretary of state to withdraw (34 Okl.St.Ann. Which election is a measure on: Next general election held at least 131 days after signatures are certified. Proponent organization and requirements: None specified. V, 1(4)(a) and CRS 1-40-123). c. the coattail effect. II, 1g). Submission deadline for signatures: 5 p.m. on or before the 90th day after the recess of the legislature, or if the 90th day is a weekend or holiday, by 5 p.m. on the preceding day which is not a weekend or holiday (Const. 1(9)). A separatist majority again holds sway in the Catalan parliament and, despite a more conciliatory tone from Madrid, the Spanish government and electorate remain vehemently opposed to a legal vote. IV, 1, Pt. Proponent organization and requirements: At the time of filing a draft, proponents must designate the names and mailing addresses of two people who will represent the proponents in all matters related to the petition (CRS 1-40-104). 3, 19). 10. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to organizations supporting or opposing ballot measures considered political action committees and can be considered an unlimited committee, unlimited contributions to unlimited committees, and filing statements of organization and when contributions are made of greater than $1,000 (34 Okl.St.Ann. Where to file with: Secretary of state (V.A.M.S. Art. Art. LXXXI, 4). Application process information: The person(s) or organization(s) under whose authority the measure is to be referred must deliver to the secretary of state the petition, signed by at least 20 qualified electors of the state (IC 34-1804). d. prospective vote, 38. d. photo op. 3501.38). Att'y Gen. No. II, 1(c)). Statewide election or a special election called by the governor, Next regular or general election that occurs 125 days after filing, Const. 2, 3). Art. 22-24-416). The following is not a legal, comprehensive list of every campaign finance law governing the referendum process in each state but is rather a basic summary and starting guide for where to find relevant statutes. 116.025). Some states offer no assistance or advice to initiative proponents on the draft of their proposed law. Must also file with the secretary of state not less than four months before the election at which they are to be voted on (I.C. a. at the very beginning 3, 52). Information page must contain description of subject and purpose of the petition, identification of sponsors, the required information relating to signatures and the required affidavit. 3, 5). This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the official declaration of the vote unless provided otherwise in the measure (Mississippi Const. Missouri: The secretary of State will furnish ballot statements explaining the effects of a no or yes vote for the measure, which will include whether it will increase, decrease or maintain taxes. 4, 1, Pt. If both are approved, the one receiving the greatest number of affirmative votes prevails (34 Okl.St.Ann. Verification: State Board is empowered to adopt regulations specifying procedures for verifying and counting signatures (Elec. Const. . Ballot title and summary: Prepared jointly by the secretary of state and attorney general (IC 34-1810(1)(b)). V, 3 and OK Stat. (OH Const. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on the 12th day before an election, the 38th day after an election and the last business day of January and July of every year. II, 1g; O.R.C. Verification: County officials check that each signatory is a registered elector of the county. Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state, revisor of statutes and attorney general (21-A M.R.S.A. Art. Massachusetts: at least 30% (Const. c. evolve into single-party systems. Circulator requirements: Paid circulators must register with the secretary of state and complete training. Circulator requirements: 18 years of age (NRS 32-629 and -1404). d. It officially repudiated the principle of "one person, one vote.". 116.332). Withdrawal of petition: Proponents may withdraw a measure at any time before filing the petition (Elec. If he finds it in proper form, he shall so certify. Secretary of state submits to Legislative Services Division for review, after which the final text of the measure and ballot statements must be resubmitted to secretary of state. 354). Where to file: Attorney general (Elec. II, 9(c)). 2, 8). Who can sign the petition: Electors of the state (Const. Vote requirement for passage: Majority, provided that the votes cast on the measure shall equal at least one-third of the total votes cast at the election (Const. States such as Alaska (AS 15.45.150); Idaho (I.C. Art. Const. 19-102; 19-111), What is on each petition: Must follow prescribed form and summary and that it was prepared by proponents, title, that circulator is paid or not, and warning about legality of signing unofficial sheet (A.R.S. Attorney general then submits petition to the secretary of state which begins the deadline clock (Cal.Elec.Code 336, 9001, 9002, 9004). 116.160; 116.180; 115.245; 116.210; 116.220). Disclosure of advertisements is required. 7-9-111). Art. 4, 1, Pt. Petition title and summary creation: Proponents draft (NRS 32-1405). Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors (A.R.S. These requirements vary widely, most often including newspaper publication, other public displays such as posting on the internet, or public comment periods. A successful referendum will alter the wording of the Constitution by deletion and/or insertion. Art. For example, constitutional amendments proposed by legislatures in most of the states of the United States are subject to obligatory referendum. However, the bans in North Dakota and Oregon were upheld by federal circuit courts. 901), Where to file with: Secretary of state (M.R.S.A. Geographic distribution: Not more than one-fourth the of signatures shall be from one county (Const. The next regular or general election occurring subsequent to the 125 days after filing signatures. Art. Art. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (NRS 32-630 and -1404). Repeal or change restrictions: Cannot veto, and legislature may not repeal. Legislature or other government official review: Reviews done by attorney general and legislative services division. Art. Stat. 5, 1 and ACA 7-9-107). The popular referendum is ameasure that appears on the ballot as a result of a voter petition drive andis similar to the initiative in that both are triggered by petitions, but there are important differences. Art. Art. Which election: Regular general election, unless otherwise ordered by the legislative assembly (Const. 14, 9; Art. What distinguishes a ballot initiative from a referendum quizlet? Collected in-person: Yes (O.R.C. 3, 1; SDCL 2-1-6). Art. 3, 52(c)(i)). II, 9(b)). Art. 5, 1; M.G.L.A. Must register organization (5 ILCS 20, 10 ILCS 5/28-9). The criteria for these requirements vary wildly. Const. Stat. 19-111), Proponent organization and requirements: Must follow financial guidelines, including non-candidate committee to act as sponsor, designating chair and treasurer, sworn statements, spending reports, bank account established, quarterly and pre-election reports (A.R.S. 48, Init., Pt. States have statutes covering conflicting or competing measures, the percent of the vote needed to pass a measure, and repeal or change restrictions. Stat. Geographic distribution: 5% of the vote cast for governor at the preceding election from at least one-third of total legislative districts (Const. Art. Art. II, 1(d) and RCW 29A.72.030 and .160. Twelve% of total votes cast in last gubernatorial race for governor, V.A.M.S. Art. 7-9-105). Legislature or other government official review: General assembly members opposing the amendment may prepare or designate others to prepare a brief argument against such amendment, submitted to attorney general (5 ILCS 20/2). d. the secession of southern states in 1860. Const. Code Ann. Bill No. Art. d. the McCain-Feingold Act. Grounds for denial are improper form, insufficient sponsors, or more than 90 days have passed since adjournment of the session (AS 14.45.310). In Ireland and Australia, referenda are compulsory for all constitutional change. II, 1c). 23 States have a popular referendum process. Art. 4, 1, Pt. Other subject restrictions: Amendments that propose a tax or fee not in place in November 1994 require a two-thirds vote to pass (F.S.A. 168.471 and M.C.L.A. Must also be verified on the back of signature sheets by the person who circulated those sheets by an affidavit along with the signature and title of the officer before whom the oath was made (34 Okl.St.Ann. 22-24-407. Amend. In 2021, Idaho passed. Most state statutes include some type of sampling, such as in the cases of Arizona (A.R.S. a. II, 1c and 1g; ORC 3519.16(F). Verification: Board of state canvassers verifies the signatures using the qualified voter file and shall complete the process at least two months before the election (M.C.L.A. . 1953 20A-7-702; 20A-7-204.1; 20A-7-701-706, Washington: RCWA 29A.32.010; 29A.32.031; 29A.32.040; 29A.32.070; 29A.32.080, Arkansas (Arkansas Const. A legislature committee also reviews the measure by a deadline (N.R.S. Art. Art. Nebraska Const. 19, 2). A state-level method of direct legislation that gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove proposed legislation or a proposed constitutional amendment. There must also be a five-person committee of those who favor rejection, comprised of individuals appointed by the governor, attorney general, president of the senate and speaker of the housethe fifth member is appointed by the four previous members. II, 1g and ORC 3519.16(F)). The Legislative Counsel Bureau distributes items to legislators, public libraries, newspapers and broadcasters (N.R.S. 15, 273; Miss. What is on each petition: Petition must include title of the act, and if only a portion of the act is sought to be referred, the number of the section or sections or portion of sections of the act designating such portion (Const. St. 32-1408). Who can sign the petition: Qualified registered voters (Wyo. The primary purpose of both is to give voters an opportunity to approve or reject laws either proposed or enacted by the Legislature. Four states require a filing fee in statute. . Proponent financial disclosure requirements: In order to receive contributions or make expenditures in excess of $1,500 in a calendar year, must form a committee for political action and register with the secretary of state (NRS 294A.230). Art. Ballot title and summary: Attorney general after receiving written comments from the Legislative Research Council (SDCL 12-13-25.1). These include filing reports and designating organization officers. Although voters overwhelming voted yes, the question was non-binding and the governor and legislature were not obligated to act upon the measure. St. 32-1410), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (Neb. Once an initiative is on the ballot, the general requirement for passage is a majority vote, though there are exceptions. Subject restrictions: May not be applied to appropriations of money (Const. 19, 1 and NRS 293.127563). Which of the following has increased the ability of candidates to raise small contributions from tens of The first statewide election held more than 180 days after adjournment of the session during which the act was passed, Regular election (state, congressional or municipal) or a special election called by proper official or when 15% of voters petition for one. If the legislature rejects the measure, the legislature may propose an alternative measure (with the approval of the governor), and it will appear on the ballot along with the original initiative. 295.009; 294A.150; 294A.220). Geographic distribution: Under court challenge. The attorney general may approve the title or revise as necessary to comply with the law (34 OS 8(H) and 9). 902) concisely require the counting and verification of signatures, without detailed guidance. 16-119; None other found in 26 Okl.St.Ann). Petition sponsors, approved or rewritten by attorney general, Petition sponsors, with approval by secretary of state, Drafted by secretary of state and approved by attorney general, Petition sponsors, approved by attorney general. Pamphlet contains one-sentence statements describing the effect of a "yes" or "no" vote prepared jointly by the attorney general and the state secretary (M.G.L.A. The requirements for an election with statewide ballot measures vary by state. Art. 34-1811, 34-1813). 14, 3, 10 ILCS 5/28-2), Who creates petitions: Proponents, no statute (see 10 ILCS 5/16-6; 5 ILCS 20/2). 1953 20A-7-212). 3, 18 and 21-A M.R.S.A. Legislature may hold public hearings and must hold a committee hearing once 25 % of signatures are collected (Cal.Gov.Code 10243, 12172; Cal.Elec.Code 9007, 9034). It fails to qualify if under 90% and qualifies if at least 100%. Geographic distribution: The required signatures must be distributed equally among all of the petition districts (NRS 295.012 and NRS 293.127563). Must include the language "a committee for/against Proposition __" in any reference to the committee required by law (Govt. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: If a referendum petition is filed against a part of a statute, the remainder of the statute shall not be delayed from going into effect (Const., art II, 10(a)). Which amendment ended poll taxes in 1964? Constitution 48, Pt. III, 3). Lieutenant governor with assistance from attorney general, Secretary of state, approved by attorney general, Ark. If raising more than $5,000 in a year, the entity must register as a ballot question committee. Why is Floridas use of the federal Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) database controversial? If the attorney general does not approve of the statement, they prepare one themselves (MCA 13-27-312). Art. Verification: County officials ascertain whether each part-petition is properly verified, and whether the names on each part-petition are on the registration lists of such county, or whether the persons whose names appear on each part-petition are eligible to vote in such county, and to determine any repetition or duplication of signatures, the number of illegal signatures, and the omission of any necessary details required by law (ORC 3519.15). Who creates petitions: Lieutenant governor (U.C.A. Art. Proponent organization and requirements: Sponsor must file an affidavit that s/he is a registered voter (RCW 29A.72.010). Art. Amend. III, 2). Then, select a topic from the column at the left for comprehensive information or select a state in the map for state-specific information. Art. Art. Who can sign the petition: Legal voters, 18 years old, resident (U.C.A. The financial estimate committee will estimate costs and consult with the legislative revenue officer. 23-17-17). . 3519.22). 19-121), Submission deadline of signatures: Four months before election (A.R.S. Code 13-208 for statement of organization. 1(6B)). Electronic reports of contributions and expenditures must be filed according to a schedule specified in ORS 260.057. Random sample of at least 500 or 5% of the signatures, whichever is greater. Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state drafts a short and concise statement that fairly represents the proposal; approved by the attorney general (NDCC 16.1-01-09). Geographic distribution: 3% of the votes cast for the office of governor in the last election in half of the counties each (OH Const. VI). Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must file statement of organization as a PAC upon receiving contributions or making expenditures in any combination of at least $1,000 in connection with an election (ARS 19-905(C)). Art. The petitions must be signed by registered voters in an amount equal to 5% of the votes cast for all candidates for Governor at the last gubernatorial election, which was held on November 8, 2022. Types allowed: Citizen initiative for statutes and popular referendum, Other subject restrictions: No restrictions (Const. 101.161). IV, 1(4) and ORS 250.045). Art. 22-24-411). The secretary of state, in consultation with the attorney general, prepares a condensation, explanations for and against, and concise summaries of the bill's impact on existing related laws (NRS 293.250). 116.080). Art. 250.125; 250.067; 250.127, Utah: U.C.A. N.R.S. 5, 57; Art. b. is protected absolutely by the First Amendment, according to the Supreme Court. 1953 20A-7-205). New Latin, from Latin, neuter of referendus, gerundive of referre to refer, Dictionary lookups from politics, civil court, and the world of disease. 19, 2). Collected in-person: Original ink signatures are required (ORC 3519.051 and 3501.38(B)). 273; Miss. Verification: Secretary of state verifies with help of county clerks. Seventeen states have at least one government official draft or review the petition title and/or summary, while proponents draft this language in nine states. b. only toward the end of the campaign Art. 3, 17(1)). 100.371), Geographic distribution: Signatures in each of one-half of the 27 congressional districts of the state (F.S.A. Who creates petitions: The secretary of state prepares five camera-ready copies of the petition for the sponsors (NRS 32-1405). General review of petition: Reviews done by attorney general and legislative services division (MCA 13-27-202).
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