Now, theres another persisting legend about the arrival of Europeans in North America that continues to be discussed. It took more than 100 years for scholars to correct the imperfect copy and to properly translate the text. As Auteri puts it, The only thing we dont do is fight.. Little is known of this House, and the original structure is lost. His analysis displayed that one of the stones was illustrated with a map. He conducted the first detailed physical analysis since Winchells research 90 years before. He responded by to that by saying that there was no standard for the mica degradation work that he had performed on the rune stone since to his knowledge he was the first to perform this kind of relative age dating examination. Knights Templar 190193 & notes. If Sinclair did have Templar links and went on to land in Nova Scotia, could he be the real reason the Canadian provinces name is Latin for New Scotland? New evidence suggests the Knights Templar fled Europe and rebuilt their warrior order in the Americas a century before Christopher Columbus; experts investigate the long-lost relics to see i New evidence suggests the Knights Templar fled Europe and rebuilt their warrior order in the Americas a century before Christopher Columbus; experts investigate the long-lost relics to see if they confirm this game-changing theory. It's been recorded that the Norwegian and Scottish nobleman, and Templar Knight, Prince Henry I Sinclair, sailed from Scotland to North America around the 1390s. He swore he had told the truth about the finding until the time of his passing. In the month of November, he presented his main discoveries. Neither he or anyone else knew at that time it was surrounded by water back in the year of 1362. For example, according to one historian, the carvings in Rosslyn Chapel may not be of American plants at all but are nothing more than stylized carvings of wheat and strawberries.[31]. This specific glyph is helpful in the verification of a runic inscription. It is based on the 18th-century tale that some Templars escaped the suppression of their order by fleeing to Scotland during the reign of Robert the Bruce[34] and fought in the Battle of Bannockburn. Templars Wiki is a FANDOM Books Community. So Henry Sinclair and the Templars embarked at the end of the fourteenth century in a fleet of ships bound for Iceland then past the declining communities in Greenland following old Viking routes. In 1665, the Hospitallers sold their rights in the islands to the new French West India Company, bringing their colonial project to an end. No story about Templars and Nova Scotia would be complete without the appearance of Oak Island, a location that has played host to a 232-year-old treasure-hunting mystery. Recent Examples on the Web Von Vampton is unmasked as a Knight Templar of the Crusades, whose theft of occult secrets from the Holy Land echoes his exploitative Negrophilia. The order boasted considerable financial acumen, providing international banking and credit-transfer services. [10] It is a title he is said to have inherited from his father William Sinclair in 1358 but it's more likely he accquired it much later in life. Templars in America explodes the myth that Columbus was the first European to discover the Americas. A simple farmer did not expect to discover what appeared to be an ancient stone with Viking style graphic symbols engraved on it in the state of Minnesota. The test he had done marked Ohmans version of events. Gunn was believed to have travelled with Sinclair on his voyage and passed away during the trip. The worldwide organization claims 5,000 members, 1,500 of whom are the knights and dames of the American SMOTJ. Only the power of a mighty king could have hoped to achieve such an act, since the Templars were one of the most powerful organizations of the Christian world . So it seems beyond fitting they could play a role in the Sinclair story. Templars in America Series by David S. Brody The walls have been covered with a stucco finish, both exterior and interior. Get the latest History stories in your inbox? Montmagny ultimately died first, in 1657. "Cockburn, Henry Thomas" . It was lying face down and was twisted around the roots of a 30-year-old aspen tree. After a vacancy lasting 18 years, three cousins Alexander de L'Arde, Lord of Caithness; Malise Sparre, Lord of Skaldale; and Henry Sinclair were rivals for the succession. The Military Order of Christ (previously Ordem dos Cavaleiros de Cristo "Order of the Knights of Christ") was founded in 1318. Yet around 100 years later, more discoveries have proved the stele was actually the real McCoy. Over lunch one Templar told me, We dont want any Muslims, because followers of Islam dont respect anybody. His diatribe didnt stop there. For those that argue the former, the carving supposedly shows a human figure, perhaps even a knight. The main focus of his revelations is that debatable, even contentious, artifact noted as the Kensington Rune Stone. Terms of Use Most importantly, Scott Wolter shows that they are fragments of a puzzle far greater than the individual parts. This ruined Ohmans life in a time when a mans word was truly his bond. Military Order of Christ - Wikipedia Kristina Krug In return, Sinclair was to bring Orkney under tighter control and defend it along with Shetland. But by then, rumors already were spreading that the Knightsforewarned of the arrestshad smuggled much of their treasure on Templar ships sailing out of the French port of La Rochelle. The hidden world of the Knights Templar - BBC Travel Only time will tell if the voyage of Henry Sinclair can be categorically proven by archaeological discovery. Wolter started using photography with a reflected light microscope. Popular books (often derided as pseudo-history) such as The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail by Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh and Henry Lincoln (1982) and The Temple and the Lodge by Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh (1989) appeared. The mystery of Royston cave: Knights Templar in Hertfordshire? [30], The claim requires the acceptance not only that the letters and map ascribed to the Zeno brothers and published in 1558 are authentic, but that the voyage described in the letters as taken by Zichmni around the year 1398 to Greenland actually reached North America and that Zichmni is Henry Sinclair. Ave Maria. [6] The Knights' ambassador to the French court, Jacques de Souvr, signed the agreement. The period that was suspected is confirmed when a telltale hooked X was found in the Narragansett Stone. Within the chapel are carvings of North American plants that were supposedly unknown at the time of its construction. Joseph A. Auteri draws his sword and hands it to his Grand Prior, Patrick Carney, who brings it down through a layer of yellow icing, cutting a large birthday cake in half. The waters are often rough for the pre-Columbian, which says much for the runes etched onto its top. Wolter had discovered that each of the nine gyphs was around two inches long and one-half of an inch deep. The physical evidence relies on speculative reasoning to support the theory, and all of it can be interpreted in other ways. However, beginning on Friday 13th October 1307 the Templars were destroyed in a process instigated by the French king Philip IV The Fair and abetted by Pope Clement V. The Templars had been tainted by the final failure of the crusades in 1291; they were also victims of the French kings chronic shortage of money. The original Knights Templar in the Holy Land was established in 1119 CE and served as an elite Catholic military order during the Crusades. Season 10 of The Curse of Oak Island begins on Sky HISTORY on Wednesday, 4 January at 9pm. In 1118, 19 years after the First Crusade conquered the . [8] He sent an additional 300 men to reinforce and take over the small French settlement on Saint-Martin. It was found by the Swedish immigrant farmer, Olof Ohman, while he was clearing his land in the township of Solem, Minnesota, in September of 1898. Templars, KNIGHTS, the.The Knights Templars were the earliest founders of the military orders, and are the type on which the others are modeled.They are marked in history by their humble beginning, by their marvellous growth, and by their tragic end. With Matthew Branch, Jeremy Frandrup, Adam Glatzl, Tony McMahon. The legendary story about Sinclair and North America comes from a single source a Venetian document dating from the 1500s. He had never attempted to make any money off the rune stone. Vol. [37] Rosslyn Chapel was built by Sir William St Clair, last St Clair Earl of Orkney, who was the grandson of Henry. Breda was backed up by Norways head archaeologist of the late 19th century, Oluf Rygh he and his coworkers at Northwestern University at Evanston Illinois proclaimed that the whole translation of the rune stone was entirely based on wrong analysis of the copy. During this time, the Order acted as proprietor of the islands, while the King of France continued to hold nominal sovereignty; however, Poincy ruled largely independent of them both. The influence of the Knights Templar in history is undeniable. But today, Templar revivalism is strong, reports the Smithsonian and Templar iconography is popular with European neo-fascists. This is not far from the Maine coast. A Note to our Readers Ohman brought it to the closest town, Kensington, where his discovery was put on display at the local bank. Theories include gold or religious artefacts, such as the Ark of the Covenant or even the Holy Grail. Importantly, as the first copies of The Hooked X were published by the press, every word the author wrote was being underscored by Rene Larsen, who was rector of the School of Consercation located at the Royal Danish Academy of the Fine Arts. He was sometimes identified by another spelling of his surname, St. Clair. Members of the charitable organization, known by the unwieldy abbreviation SMOTJ, regard themselves as spiritual descendants of the original Templars. History of the Order of Christ - Wikipedia After the dubbings come many awards. At the same time, Cardinal Mazarin, France's chief minister, was busy with the Peace of Westphalia and could not devote his attention to colonization. [39], Historians Mark Oxbrow, Ian Robertson,[40] Karen Ralls and Louise Yeoman[41] have each made it clear that the Sinclair family had no connection with the mediaeval Knights Templar. If there was a disaster in battle . Dry conditions started to increase in the beginning of the 16th century, transfiguring the regional landscapes into marsh and swamps. A few amateur archaeologists had their own doubts, and questioned if other local proof may support the rune stones truth. "Back in those days, the appearance of Knights Templar on this soil was a . Their involvement comes from certain interpretations of the Zeno narrative. Their internal literature liberally cites medieval texts such as those of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, who wrote the original Templars quasi-monastic rules. Templar | History, Battles, Symbols, & Legacy | Britannica Four days ago, Barbara and Joe Auteri got married; between preparing for her own investiture Barbara has been helping Joe in and out of his Hugh de Payns outfit. In those interpretations, Prince Zichmni is in fact, Sinclair. They are all in earnest, and having the time of their lives. It was to determine the specifications, conformance, and suitability or the causes of failure. The Templars received the support of the King of Jerusalem at the time, Baldwin II, and set up their headquarters on Temple Mount, causing them . [12] However all these orders were created after Sinclair's death. Cart new order. Peggy's Cove Lighthouse in Nova Scotia | Image: Unsplash. The Elusive Fleet of the Knights Templar | Naval History Magazine Templars were still settlers of the island at the period of time the Kensington Rune Stone was carved. "They were a very disciplined fighting force - and hugely self-sacrificial. Sinclair is later described as an "admiral of the seas" in the Genealogies of the Saintclaires of Roslin by Richard Augustine Hay. Fact or fiction? Rogue police force claims ties to ancient Knights Templar [24] Moreover, the identification of Zichmni as Henry Sinclair has not been accepted by most historians, although this identification and their overall authenticity are taken for granted by the supporters of the theory. Cookie Policy This would have happened decades after the Templars were disbanded in 1307. When Wolter analyzed it in 2006, he was not able to make out anything that resembled a human figure, possibly because it is worn away in the decades of exposure to the elements after moss covering the illustration. Around 1119, a French nobleman from the Champagne region, Hugues de Payens, collected eight of his knight relatives . The earldom passed to his son, also called Henry. He was the grandfather of William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness, the builder of Rosslyn Chapel. [6] Poincy refused to comply. Built in 1160 as a headquarters of the mysterious Knights Templar Catholic army that served the Pope, this sprawling, Unesco-inscribed Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque stronghold served as a fitting . "In this meticulously researched book William Mann demonstrates how that most peculiar and fascinating medieval institution, the Knights Templar, transported treasures from the Old World to the safety of North America. The Sinclair Diploma, written or at least commissioned by his grandson states: "he retirit to the parts of Orchadie and josit them to the latter tyme of his life, and deit Erile of Orchadie, and for the defence of the country was slain there cruellie by his enemiis" We also know that sometime in 1401: "The English invaded, burnt and spoiled certain islands of Orkney." The letters and the accompanying map, allegedly rediscovered and published in the early 16th century, are regarded by most historians as a hoax by the Zenos or their publishers. (The modern order recruits strongly from the officer classes of the U.S. military. New evidence suggests the Knights Templar fled Europe and rebuilt their warrior order in the Americas a century before Christopher Columbus; experts investigate the long-lost relics to see if they confirm this game-changing theory. With his family reputation ruined, he was ridiculed and ignored by society to such an extent that one of his daughters committed suicide. In 1665, the Knights sold their colony to the newly formed Compagnie des Indes occidentales. [11] The only limits to their rule were that they could send only French knights to govern the islands, and upon the accession of each new King of France they were to provide a gold crown worth 1,000 cus. Italy and the colonization of the Americas, The Knights of Malta, 1530 -1798 -- A blog, List of the last monarchs in the Americas, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hospitaller_colonization_of_the_Americas&oldid=1117348175, History of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 21 October 2022, at 06:56. The revelations in the Cryptic Code are sure to generate new discussion around the medieval Knights Templar, their role in the European exploration of North America, and of the origins of the Hooked X. Wolter displays the near resemblance to the sacred structures located in medieval Europe and the Near East, Scotlands middle 12th century Eynhallow Church located in Orkeney, or Jerusalems Templum Domini. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of theTerms and Conditions. AETNUK. Among the least known, but most convincing, finding of its type is a one line, lithic inscription discovered close to Pojac Point in Narragansett Bay, a large river on the north side of Rhode Island Sound. France and the American Tropics to 1700: Tropics of discontent? Founded in 1446 by William Sinclair, the grandson of Henry Sinclair, Rosslyn Chapel is situated a few miles south of the Scottish capital, Edinburgh. [11][5] Or in an attack from the south.[6]. From the beginning of the French colonization of the Americas, members of the Knights of Malta, fief of the Sicilian Crown, had been prominent in New France and the French Antilles. According to Lomas, Sir William, the chapel builder, is also the direct ancestor of the first Grand Master of Masons of Scotland, also named William St Clair (Sinclair).[37]. If you purchase an item through these links, we receive a commission. There he negotiated the Treaty of Concordia, determining the boundary between the French and Dutch settlements that remains in place today. 2023 Smithsonian Magazine Poincy's rule on St. Kitts is remembered for the spectacle of his large, grand household, the servants all dressed in the emblem of the Knights. Knights had fled with whatever treasure was behind those immense walls. A 19th century painting depicting the end of the Siege of Jerusalem on July 15, 1099, during the First Crusade. Katherine Sinclair (1358-1430) married John Seton, 2nd Lord Seton and had issue. The discoveries were publicized shortly after in The Ruins of Greater Ireland and New England by Meador Press in 1946. [6] He extended French rule to other islands, establishing the first European settlement on Saint-Barthlemy in 1648,[7] and founding a settlement on St. Croix in 1650-51. [6] He became embroiled in conflict with the Capuchin missionaries, who disapproved of the governor's consorting with local English, Dutch, and Huguenot Protestants, and of his refusal to liberate the children of baptized slaves. A short walking distance from the Westford Knight, the JV Fletcher Library shows a 300-pound glacial granite boulder with a picture of a sailing vessel in the company of three gyphs and an arrow. pp. Franciscan University Presents Myths About the Crusades, The Knights Templar Origins and Downfall - Separating History from Myth, Knights Templar History's Controversy - RCH Podcast Episode 1, Knights Templar - Part 5 The Trial of the Templars, https://thetemplarknight.com/2016/07/24/the-templars-in-america/, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. He took formal possession of the islands in the name of the Grand Master. By then, most of the order was made up of French aristocrats,[3] and many French naval officers had trained with the Hospitaller navy. He ultimately clearly discerned the depicted outline of a broadsword which, according to historian Michael Kaulback, was identified by British antiquarians as a big wheel pommel blade of the 14th or 13th century. At the time, the Knights Templar wielded significant power in western Poland, local historian Marek Karolczak tells CNN. Skeptics set out to fault his resolution by arguing that standards for mica degradation did not exist. [6] In addition he drew disfavor from the Order of Malta when he used income from the Order's commandry estates in Europe to pay for his grand style of living on the island. As such, the group remains an enigma to many today.. He has ultimately defined it as a land claim marker. They landed on Greenland, which was already discovered by then, before heading off once more where they supposedly reached Newfoundland. Books by Timothy Wallace-Murphy and Andrew Sinclair soon followed from the early 1990s onwards. He is the author of Summer of Blood, The Plantagenets, The Wars of the Roses, The Hollow Crown and his latest, Magna Carta. A couple of hundred people cheer. 13 things you didnt know about the Knights Templar. Crawford, Barbara E. "William Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, and His Family: A Study in the Politics of Survival" in Stringer, K. J. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. This means the men who had left it were declaring for themselves what later turned into west central Minnesota. Wolter decided to go further into his quest for information about the artifact to find the identity of the man who engraved the inscription the Cistercian monk from Gotland mentioned in the runic text. Wolters coworker, an amateur linguist known as Richard Nielsen, had already made a firm decision on a date of 1401 from the Maine artifacts runic texts. Evidence such as this prompted investigators to seek out professional assistance of their own in 2000. S1 E7 - Lost Ark, The. By day Joe Auteri, 49, is a partner in a financial planning company based in Pennsylvania. | READ MORE. The Templars downfall began on Friday, October 13th 1307, when fellow knights and brothers across Europe were arrested, imprisoned, tortured, and forced to make false confessions. They crop up regularly in modern entertainment, most famously in Dan Browns The Da Vinci Code, which cast them as the shadowy guardians of ancient religious secrets, and more recently in the video game franchise Assassins Creed, which transforms them into time-traveling supervillains. Meet the Americans Following in the Footsteps of the Knights Templar The Order still owed money to France for the initial purchase of the islands, and on Malta the knights debated whether they should sell them back. The other major strand of latter-day Templarism in the UK is within the Freemason fraternity. In 1128, the second baron of Roslin, Henry St Clair, had met the founder of the Knights Templar, Hugh de Payens, when he visited Scotland to spread the word about the. [6], The Knights of Malta never established another colony. Cryptic Code: The Templars in America and the Origins of the Hooked X They were put into the Main State Museum located at Hallowell. It is unknown if Haakon VI ever attempted to call upon the troops pledged by Henry or if any of the fee was actually paid. The Knights Templar was born and they were soon world-renowned for their courage. The Knights Templar trace their origin back to shortly after the First Crusade. The key to unlocking this information was the mysterious hooked X that appears on the rune stone as well as other runic texts in Europe and pre-Columbian North America. The Templars have also been widely revived and imitated for purposes both benign and sinister since at least 1737, when the Scottish Freemason Andrew Michael Ramsey wrote a pseudo-history of Masonry that claimed ties to the medieval Templars. The Templar hermitage at the heart of the Iberian Peninsula He is shouting to Pope Clement and King Philip that they will face 'a tribunal with God' within a year. [6] However, Poincy still refused to share power, and Montmagny was quickly sidelined, biding his time on a farm on Saint Christopher and hoping to take over after Poincy's death. Knight of America. An inside look at the voyage of the | by Gena Save from evil. Engraved on the side of the stone were the words, There are 10 men by the sea to look after our ships 14 days journey from this island. Everything from the treasures of the Knights Templar to Shakespearean manuscripts have been claimed to be buried in the famous Money Pit situated somewhere on the Nova Scotian island. Theres a lot of batshit crazy here, she murmured. In their day, though, the Templar organization was rich. That would rather rule out Sinclair! Interested, he started to examine each individual rune with a scanning electron microscope. The claim that Henry Sinclair explored North America has been popularised by several other authors, notably by Frederick J. Pohl,[25] Andrew Sinclair,[26] Michael Bradley,[27] William S. Crooker (who claimed to have discovered Henry Sinclair's castle in Nova Scotia),[28] Steven Sora,[29] and more recently by David Goudsward. Early 21st century technology firmly established Prof. Winchells conclusion that the artifact was indeed authentically pre-Columbian. Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, Lord of Roslin (c. 1345 - c. 1400) was a Scottish and a Norwegian nobleman.Sinclair held the title Earl of Orkney (which refers to Norreyjar rather than just the islands of Orkney) and was Lord High Admiral of Scotland under the King of Scotland.He was sometimes identified by another spelling of his surname, St. Clair. Before the remains of the Viking encampment were found in Newfoundland, the journey of the Norsemen to America was thought to be just stories, myths, and legends passed down the ages. It takes a group of people with a common belief and a common cause to stop the persecution and the exile of Christians. Carney, the outgoing 20th Grand Prior, head of the organization and a smooth-spoken financier, justifies it in simpler but more telling terms: We belong to the most prestigious order of knighthood on the planet.. Whatever happened to the Knights Templar? | | The Guardian They are attached to 33 priories from Arizona to Wisconsin, and many stay in touch via a closed-membership smartphone app. [Find out what the Templars . Watch The Knights Templar Season 1 | Prime Video It was, however, actually left there by the Knights Templar instead of the Norsemen. See production, box office & company info. Two authors write that the Gnostic beliefs of the Knights Templar were passed down through the Founding Fathers. [10] The Order's proprietary rights were confirmed in a treaty with France two years later: while the king would remain sovereign, the Knights would have complete temporal and spiritual jurisdiction on their islands. Montmagny hoped to help Poincy get the colonies' finances in order. From there, the Templars are said to have hugged the coastline until reaching Scotland. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Like their predecessors, the Knights Templar cast themselves as a "self-defense" movement engaged in a struggle with Mexico's larger criminal cartels on behalf of the Michaocan population, and frequently employ religious imagery in their public communiques. [5], The council of the Grand Master decided that Poincy could continue to serve as governor, but they also made the former governor of New France, Charles de Montmagny, the "proconsul general," sending him to represent their interests on Saint Christopher. The book Templars in America tells the story of a European noble family that . There are also persisting beliefs that the Rosslyn Chapel contains Templar imagery. Watch with HISTORY Vault. [5], Although the Norwegian Jarldom of Orkney was not an inheritable position, successive appointments had operated as if it had been. A faltering war in the middle east. [3] She was a daughter of Maol sa, Jarl of Orkney. Dan Jones is a British historian and an award-winning journalist. new order. Forster tried to relate this to the name "Sinclair",[23] while to Pohl "Prince Zichmni" was a misread rendering of the title "Prince of Orkney", which he attributed to Sinclair. SMOTJ was founded in the 1960s under the umbrella of an older, international network of Templar revivalists called Ordo Supremus Militaris Templi Hierosolymitani, which was itself formally recognized by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1805. A 2-year-old Rottweiler service dog named Tique wears a Templar-themed doggy jacket. It encompasses an area from Maine located in the north to the Carolinas in the south, as well from the Atlantic seaboard to the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania. It became a grand pasture by the time Olof Ohman settled there in the late 1800s. An inscription carved on a remote sea cliff in Newfoundland sends Scott Wolter chasing a trail of clues that could lead to treasure buried in the 14th century by the mysterious medieval order of the Knights Templar. There are few organisations throughout history so intrinsically linked with myths and legends than the Knights Templar. The Order sent Montmagny for a second time in 1653, as "lieutenant governor". Its place in New Englands biggest river, which functions as a wide area natural harbor, tends to support the possibility of visiting seafarers who used this place as a headquarters to navigate the interior. [5], On 2 August 1379, at Marstrand, near Tnsberg, Norway, Haakon chose Sinclair over Sparre, investing Sinclair with the Jarldom or Earldom in the Peerage of Scotland. This alleged artifact had signs of a subsurface erosion process that required a minimum of 200 years.
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